1,380,665 Prescribers. $275.65B. Every Pill Tracked.
The most comprehensive open analysis of Medicare Part D prescribing data — 5 years of trends, fraud risk scoring, opioid tracking, and cost transparency for every provider.
Medicare Part D data through 2023 · ML fraud model trained on 281 confirmed cases · Updated March 2026
1,380,665
Prescribers
205 specialties
$275.65B
Drug Costs
1,615,685,370 claims
450,343
Opioid Prescribers
113,169 high-rate
233
Flagged High Risk
6,473 elevated
Risk Analysis Findings
233
High-risk providers flagged by our multi-factor scoring model
113,169
Providers with opioid prescribing rates above 20%
372
Active prescribers matched to the OIG exclusion list
Drug Costs: 5-Year Trend
Medicare Part D spending grew 50% from 2019 to 2023
Highest Risk Providers
| Provider | Claims | Opioid Rate | Risk |
|---|---|---|---|
| Kamyar CohanshohetMD Beverly Hills, CAEXCLUDED | 226 | 62.4% | 77 |
| Stephen KellyM.D. Oklahoma City, OK | 23,091 | 53.6% | 70 |
| Eleanya Ogburu-OgbonnayaM.D. Columbia, SC | 12,958 | 42.2% | 66 |
| Rodolfo HerreraM.D. Bedford, TX | 9,392 | 49.8% | 66 |
| Jennifer JenkinsAPN Morristown, TN | 6,198 | 60.3% | 64 |
| Susan FradyFNP Canon City, CO | 5,896 | 67.7% | 64 |
| Karolina CichockaARNP Farmington, CT | 7,769 | 69.3% | 64 |
| Sabera ShabnamMD Branson, MO | 9,061 | 57.5% | 64 |
| Joanne VogelNP Colorado Springs, CO | 5,051 | 58.2% | 64 |
| Victoria FrancisAGACNP-BC Ann Arbor, MI | 6,104 | 73.1% | 64 |
| Carmen AckersonAPRN Augusta, ME | 5,225 | 68.1% | 64 |
| Billy SmithMD Greenville, NC | 5,355 | 69.4% | 64 |
| Joyce LeeCRNP-F Hagerstown, MD | 6,867 | 70.1% | 64 |
| Suzanne MorseAPRN Cottonwood, AZ | 5,441 | 61.7% | 64 |
| Margaret KeithM.D Tarpon Springs, FLEXCLUDED | 3,342 | 37.0% | 64 |
View all 233 flagged providers →
Risk scores are statistical indicators derived from public CMS data, not allegations of wrongdoing. Providers may appear flagged due to legitimate specialty practices. Read our methodology · Dispute this data
Top Opioid Prescribers
| Provider | Opioid Rate | Claims |
|---|---|---|
| Cory Carlston OR · Hand Surgery | 80.7% | 212 |
| Tyler Martin MA · Nurse Practitioner | 79.4% | 2,720 |
| Matthew Tweet CA · Orthopedic Surgery | 78.1% | 237 |
| Jonathan Riggs WA · Physician Assistant | 77.2% | 149 |
| Ali Kassamali GA · Pain Management | 77.0% | 4,778 |
| Laura Hafertepen CO · General Surgery | 77.0% | 139 |
| Ryan Zitzke SC · Orthopedic Surgery | 70.2% | 114 |
| Nathan Polley IN · Orthopedic Surgery | 70.1% | 384 |
| Angela Seda TX · Surgical Oncology | 69.3% | 114 |
| Tracye Lawyer ID · Orthopedic Surgery | 67.0% | 270 |
Highest Cost Prescribers
| Provider | Drug Cost | Brand % |
|---|---|---|
| Armaghan Azad CA · Emergency Medicine | $160.3M | 100% |
| Cedric Davis FL · Family Practice | $137.1M | 99% |
| John Bogdasarian MA · Otolaryngology | $68.7M | 100% |
| Ruth Mays MI · Family Practice | $63.2M | 100% |
| Erin Pettijohn MI · Hematology-Oncology | $13.5M | — |
| Stephen Anesi MA · Ophthalmology | $8.6M | — |
| Joshua Lukenbill IA · Hematology-Oncology | $6.9M | — |
| Tondre Buck SC · Medical Oncology | $6.8M | — |
| Erica Kretchman IN · Endocrinology | $5.5M | 61% |
| Muhammad Popalzai IL · Hematology-Oncology | $5.4M | 28% |
Named providers appear based on publicly available CMS data. High prescribing volume or cost does not imply wrongdoing. Methodology · Dispute this data
Opioid Prescribing by State
| # | State | Prescribers | Opioid Prescribers | Avg Opioid Rate |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Utah | 11,191 | 4,074 | 17.1% |
| 2 | Colorado | 23,912 | 8,983 | 17.1% |
| 3 | Missouri | 25,377 | 8,595 | 17.0% |
| 4 | Alabama | 17,811 | 6,422 | 16.6% |
| 5 | Arizona | 29,429 | 9,285 | 16.0% |
| 6 | District of Columbia | 5,191 | 999 | 16.0% |
| 7 | Kansas | 11,495 | 4,775 | 15.8% |
| 8 | Louisiana | 20,543 | 7,270 | 15.7% |
| 9 | Maryland | 26,786 | 7,454 | 15.6% |
| 10 | Ohio | 53,444 | 18,527 | 15.6% |
| 11 | Idaho | 7,492 | 3,020 | 15.6% |
| 12 | Indiana | 26,170 | 10,363 | 15.6% |
| 13 | Alaska | 3,054 | 910 | 15.4% |
| 14 | South Dakota | 4,029 | 1,537 | 15.4% |
| 15 | Connecticut | 19,551 | 5,484 | 15.3% |
Explore the Data
States
60 states & territories
Specialties
205 provider types
Top Drugs
500 drugs by cost
Providers
19,300+ profiles
Flagged
Risk-scored providers
Opioids
Prescribing patterns
Brand vs Generic
Cost analysis
Dashboard
5-year trends
IRA Drug Prices
$22B in negotiated drugs
GLP-1 Tracker
Ozempic spending
Dangerous Combos
Opioid+benzo risks
ML Fraud Detection
4,100+ ML-flagged
Peer Comparison
Specialty-adjusted
Risk Calculator
Try the scoring model
State Report Card
Grade your state
Drug Lookup
Search 500 drugs
What Sets OpenPrescriber Apart
Specialty-Adjusted Scoring
We compare each provider against their own specialty peers using z-scores — a pain specialist prescribing opioids isn't the same as a dermatologist doing so.
Machine Learning Detection
Our ML model trained on 281 confirmed fraud cases catches 2,579 providers that rule-based systems miss entirely.
2023 Data — Most Current Available
CMS releases Part D data on a ~1-year lag. Our 2023 dataset is the newest available — while competitors like ProPublica's Prescriber Checkup remain stuck on 2016.
How We Score Risk
Opioid Prescribing
We flag providers whose opioid prescribing rate exceeds the 95th percentile for their specialty. Long-acting opioids carry additional weight.
Cost & Brand Patterns
Providers prescribing mostly brand-name drugs when generics exist, or with abnormally high cost-per-beneficiary, receive elevated scores.
Cross-Reference
We match all providers against the OIG's List of Excluded Individuals/Entities (LEIE) — providers convicted of fraud or abuse.
Machine Learning
A model trained on 281 confirmed fraud cases identifies providers with similar prescribing patterns that rules alone miss.
Risk scores are statistical indicators, not allegations. Read our methodology →
Featured Analysis
The Opioid Crisis in Numbers
Which states and specialties drive America’s opioid crisis?
Most Expensive Prescribers
The providers who cost Medicare the most — and why.
ML Fraud Detection
How machine learning catches fraud patterns rules miss.
The Ozempic Effect
GLP-1 drugs are reshaping Medicare spending.
Telehealth Prescribing
How telehealth changed prescribing patterns post-COVID.
Generic Adoption Gap
Why do some providers still prefer expensive brand-name drugs?
Controlled Substance Pipeline
Tracking the flow of opioids, benzos, and stimulants.
Pharmacy Benefit Managers
The middlemen driving up drug prices.
The $160 Million Prescriber
One ER doctor generated $160.3M in Medicare drug costs. We investigated why.